Charles Dickens shine mafi kyawun marubutan Ingilishi na kowane lokaci. A lokacin zamanin Victoria (1837 - 1901), lokacin da Dickens ya rayu kuma ya rubuta, littafin ya zama babban nau'in adabi. Dickens shine babban malamin sukar zamantakewa, musamman tsakanin shekarun 1830 zuwa 1840, lokacin Oliver karkatarwa aka buga. Shin kun san dalilin da ya sa wannan labari ya kasance mai ban mamaki a lokacin da aka fitar da shi?
Littattafan Dickens bayyananniyar gabatarwa ce ga tunaninsa, yana ba mu damar yin balaguro a cikin lokaci don koyo game da matsalolin zamantakewa da suka taso a lokacin masana'antu Turanci. Hakanan, ayyukansa, a wata hanya, tarihin rayuwar mutum. Shekarun farkon marubucin suna bayyana a cikin labarunsa kuma, sama da duka, a cikin rayuwa da halayen halayen. Shekarar da Dickens ya fara aiki tun yana ƙarami don taimakawa da kuɗin iyali. Kodayake tabbas Dickens yafi sananne a duniyar tatsuniya don ayyuka kamar Labarin Kirsimeti, Tarihin garuruwa biyu o Babban fata, wanda ake ganin wasu daga cikinsu mafi kyawun ayyukansa, yana cikin Oliver karkatarwa inda za mu iya lura da abin da ake la'akari da babban sukar zamantakewarsa. Labarunsa game da talaucin ma'aikata masu aiki ya koma ga masu matsakaicin matsakaitan attajirai, suna ƙoƙarin haifar da tausayawa tsakanin jama'a kuma, a sakamakon haka, haɓaka canji.
A gaskiya na realism, na al'ada a lokacin zamanin Victoria, yana ba Dickens damar nuna mana matsananciyar gaskiyar da aka rayu. A zahiri, marubucin da kansa ne yake son mu tuna cewa haɓaka masana'antu ba kawai haɓaka Ingila a matsayin ƙasa ta kowace fuska ba, har ma ya kawo canje -canje masu mahimmanci ga al'umma kuma waɗanda abin ya fi shafa, ba tare da wata shakka ba, matalauci. Ta hanyar cikakkun bayanai na saitunan a cikin aikin Oliver karkatarwa inda yake nuna mana wannan gaskiyar. Amma, haruffan da kansu ne ke taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen sa mai karatu ya ga menene amincewar sabbin dokoki kamar Dokar mara kyau ta 1834 da kuma fitowar gidajen aiki (gidajen kula da matalauta).
Oliver karkatarwa An buga shi tsakanin shekarun 1837 zuwa 1838, a lokacin masu kudi suna samun arziki yayin da talakawa ke talauci. Don haka, wane mutum ne zai iya zama mafi rauni a cikin al'umma fiye da matashi? Oliver shine ɗan wasan adabi na farko da ya fara fitowa a cikin wani labari na harshen Ingilishi kuma ta hanyar abubuwan da suka faru daban-daban a rayuwarsa muke lura da cewa ana ɗaukar talakawa a matsayin gurbatattu kuma an karkatar da su. Kodayake, ta wata hanya ko wata, godiya ga halayensa, rashin laifi da hanyar ganin duniya, Oliver koyaushe yana kan iyakokin ɗabi'a. Hakanan, tare da wannan halin muna ganin cewa makomar sa ba ta dogara da shi ba, amma mayaƙan waje ne ke yanke shawara, Oliver ya zama abin ƙima ga mafi talauci daga cikin sa. zamantakewar al'umma.
Don haka, ana ɗaukar Oliver alama ce a duniyar tatsuniya tunda, kamar shi, yawancin haruffa a cikin labari suna kama da taga duniya da lokacin da suke rayuwa. Kuma shine duka Charles Dickens, wanda aka gane shi sosai shigar da abubuwan tarihin rayuwa cikin almararsu, kamar ɗan uwansa Jane Austin, sanannen bayanin ta halaye da halaye, Su biyu ne daga cikin marubutan da aka fi sani da su duka a cikin jama'ar Ingilishi da a duk duniya idan aka zo batun ƙirƙirar haruffa.
A takaice, tare da Oliver karkatarwa, Charles Dickens ya ba mu irin wannan cikakken bayanin birnin, masana'antu da al'ummar zamaninsa cewa muna da damar ganin matsanancin gaskiyar da masana'antun ke nunawa ga mafi talauci na al'ummar Ingilishi na ƙarni na XNUMX. Abin da cunkoson jama'a ke nufi a cikin birane da yadda talakawa ke shan wahala.