BhĂ trĂĄth ann nuair a scrĂobh croiniceoirĂ iriseoireachta litrĂocht rĂ©altachta. Thairis sin smaointeoireacht chriticiĂșil a thairiscint, guys cosĂșil le Joseph Mitchell nĂł fiĂș Hemingway o Faulkner ba scrĂbhneoirĂ riachtanacha iad a dâaistrigh idir scĂ©alta rĂ©alaĂocha, le colĂșin a lĂonadh i dtreo na heipice laethĂșla, nĂł ĂșrscĂ©alta a bhĂ faoi lĂ©igear cheana fĂ©in i dtreo boinn tuisceana i bhfad nĂos casta Ăł thaobh foirme agus substainte de.
Maidir leis an gcuid a fhreagraĂonn do Joseph Mitchell, bhĂ a chosmos insinte suite sa Nua-Eabhrac iomrĂĄiteach sin mar pharaidĂm den XNUMXĂș haois ag leanĂșint ar aghaidh leis an nua-aois agus a himill go lĂ©ir. LĂĄrionad chun cultĂșir a mhĂșscailt lena gcoimhlintĂ, a gcuid soilse agus a scĂĄthanna.
Mar an gcĂ©anna Tom Wolfe fuair sĂ© amach in Mitchell go bhfuil tagairt shoilĂ©ir ann Ăłnar fĂ©idir a bheith flĂșirseach i suĂomhanna uirbeacha lĂĄn le hĂ©agsĂșlacht fĂłcas agus dearcadh. Foinse dosheachanta Ăłnar fĂ©idir na scĂ©alta is gĂĄ a chumadh chun an XNUMXĂș haois a thuiscint inar spreag cathracha mĂłra ĂșscraĂ ealaĂne agus daonna.
Na 3 Leabhar is Fearr Molta le Joseph Mitchell
RĂșnda Joe Gould
Cuireann an tĂrdhreach is daonna de chathracha mĂłra fĂseanna spĂ©isiĂșla ar fĂĄil i gcĂłnaĂ. Iad siĂșd a fhĂĄgann go stopann muid ag fĂ©achaint ar an exuberance de charachtar atĂĄ cĂșisithe le dath neamhghnĂĄch i measc na mediocrity liath. Ba Ă© sin rĂșn Joe Gould, i ngan fhios dĂł fĂ©in bâfhĂ©idir. Toisc nach raibh sĂ© i gceist aige aird a dhĂriĂș ach Ă© a atreorĂș i dtreo fĂseanna a Ă©alaĂonn idir an chuma liath sin.
CĂ©rbh Ă© an Joseph Ferdinand Gould seo, prĂomhcharachtar suaite na sceitsĂ seo? Mac le ceann de na teaghlaigh is traidisiĂșnta i Massachusetts, bhain sĂ© cĂ©im amach Ăł Harvard, i 1916 bhris sĂ© le ceangail agus traidisiĂșin uile Shasana Nua agus chuaigh sĂ© go Nua-Eabhrac, ĂĄit a thosaigh sĂ© ag impĂ go gairid ina dhiaidh sin.
Ba Ă© an sprioc dhearbhaithe a bhĂ aige nĂĄ saothar a scrĂobh, stair bhĂ©il iomrĂĄiteach Ăr RĂ©, ina mbaileodh sĂ© na mĂlte idirphlĂ©, beathaisnĂ©isĂ agus portrĂĄidĂ den duaithnĂocht dhaonna i Manhattan. Chuir Ezra Pound agus EE Cummings, i measc go leor eile, suim sa tionscadal agus fiĂș labhair siad faoi ina n-irisĂ; Idir an dĂĄ linn, chodail Gould ar na srĂĄideanna nĂł in ĂłstĂĄin seedy, is ar Ă©igean a d'ith, glĂ©asta sna ceirteacha nach raibh a chairde file nĂł pĂ©intĂ©ir Greenwich Village ag caitheamh a thuilleadh.
Agus cĂ© go raibh sĂ© coitianta Ă© a fheiceĂĄil ar meisce agus Ă© ag dĂ©anamh aithrise ar eitilt faoileĂĄin, bhain a Stair BhĂ©il, nach bhfaca Ă©inne fĂłs, gradam ĂĄirithe cheana fĂ©in. Nuair a fuair Gould bĂĄs i 1957, chuir a chairde tĂșs le cuardach fada ar a lĂĄmhscrĂbhinn chĂĄiliĂșil i gcoirnĂ©il an tSrĂĄidbhaile a bhĂodh sĂ© go minic.
Is Ă© an toradh iontas ar an turas sin, a nochtann an "rĂșnda" dĂĄ dtagraĂonn an teideal, cad a insĂonn Mitchell dĂșinn ina dara chronicle. Ar na hĂłcĂĄidĂ neamhchoitianta nuair a thagann an iriseoireacht chun bheith ina litrĂocht iontach, nĂ hamhĂĄin go bhfuilimid ag dĂ©ileĂĄil le hĂșdar genius; tĂĄ carachtar ollmhĂłr ag teastĂĄil freisin "The Last Bohemian", mar a tugadh ar Gould, tarrthĂĄil ar idĂ©al rĂłmĂĄnsĂșil an scrĂbhneora a bhĂ ina sheilbh ag a shaothar, Ă© tiomanta go hiomlĂĄn dĂł agus suĂomh uathĂșil, an fuinneamh daonna a bhĂ i Nua-Eabhrac. na daichidĂ agus na gcaogaidĂ." Is leabhar Ă© "Joe Gould's Secret" lĂne ar lĂne, gan mionsonraĂ a chailleadh agus leanĂșint ar aghaidh ag dĂ©anamh amach a bhrĂ shaibhir i bhfad tar Ă©is don lĂ©itheoireacht a bheith crĂochnaithe.
bun an phoirt
TĂĄ an radharc Ăłn cumar idir an Hudson agus an Abhainn Thoir ar cheann den bheagĂĄn spĂĄsanna sin a athraĂonn gach sracfhĂ©achaint. Ăit a bhfuil imirceoirĂ iargĂșlta fĂłs ĂĄ dtabhairt chun cinn sa tĂłir ar chinn scrĂbe a roghnaĂonn daoine cosĂșil le Mitchell, sna cĂĄsanna is fearr.
As na leabhair Ă©agsĂșla inar tiomsaĂodh iad, measadh i gcĂłnaĂ gurb Ă© seo an ceann is fearr agus is ionadaĂ do stĂl Mitchell. Tugann sĂ© sĂ© phĂosa a scrĂobhadh sna 1940idĂ agus 1950idĂ le chĂ©ile.Is tĂ©acsanna neamhspleĂĄcha iad ach atĂĄ nasctha lena chĂ©ile, mar i ngach ceann dĂobh seo tĂ©ann an t-Ășdar ar aghaidh cois farraige i Nua-Eabhrac agus dĂ©anann sĂ© iniĂșchadh ar chathair atĂĄ i bhfad ar shiĂșl Ăł na cĂĄrtaĂ poist turasĂłireachta. DĂ©anann Mitchell cur sĂos ar na limistĂ©ir chalafoirt, ar Abhainn Hudson agus ar an Abhainn Thoir, ar an margadh Ă©isc, ar na hĂĄiseanna feirmeoireachta oisrĂ atĂĄ imithe as feidhm anois, ar sheanreilig ar OileĂĄn Staten, bĂĄirsĂ, bĂĄirsĂ, bĂĄid iascaireachta agus carachtair uathĂșla ar nĂłs Sloppy Louie, ĂșinĂ©ir an St. bialann.
PortrĂĄid de bolg na cathrach agus freisin de dhomhan atĂĄ ag imeacht, de scĂ©alta an lae inniu agus finscĂ©alta an ama a chuaigh thart, de chineĂĄlacha Ă©alĂĄrnacha, Is croinic iontach de Nua-Eabhrac agus a ĂĄitritheoirĂ Ă© Bun an Chuain: iriseoireacht den chĂ©ad scoth agus litrĂocht iontach.
Teach TĂĄbhairne SĂĄrmhaith Mhic Somhairle
BhĂ an mĂ©id a tharla i Nua-Eabhrac i lĂĄmha Mitchell an mĂ©id atĂĄ anois i lĂĄmha na Fran lebowitz. Is croinĂ©il tharchĂ©imnitheach den saol Ă© an iriseoireacht, an croinicĂ sĂłisialta, an aoir nĂł go simplĂ athfhriotail dâimeachtaĂ sa chathair mhĂłr, agus Ă© ĂĄ mhaisiĂș Ăłn duine olc go dtĂ an duine is inmholta. Toisc go bhfuil a n-chuimhneachĂĄin glĂłire ag ainnise, agus go dtiocfaidh deireadh le tinsel an ratha is suntasaĂ a snasĂș go tapa ag fuadar na cathrach ar thĂłir miotais nua shealadacha.
TĂĄ mnĂĄ fĂ©asĂłgacha, gypsies, gourmets, freastalaithe, oibrithe Indiacha, bohemians, fĂsairĂ, fanatics, impostors agus gach cineĂĄl na n-anam caillte i gcĂșrsaĂocht sa chnuasach seo de fiche seacht chronicles a foilsĂodh sa chuid den New Yorker tiomnaithe do phrĂłifĂlĂ na is coimhthĂocha. carachtair na cathrach.
Gach carachtar feola agus fola a dhĂ©anann suas fresco neamhghnĂĄch Ăł na 30Ă agus 40idĂ, rĂ© Ăłrga inar cruthaĂodh an leĂĄ-phota mĂłr a bhĂ agus atĂĄ fĂłs i gCathair Nua-Eabhrac.